Zero Knowledge Proof (ZKP) has built a four-layer architecture that separates blockchain functions into distinct, specialized layers: Consensus, Execution, Proof Generation, and Storage. This ...

Solayer extends staking beyond core validators, increasing security and earning potential for SOL and LST holders. Restaking ...

This is the third article in a series about lessons that can inform bitcoin’s replacement of the U.S. dollar. Read the first article in the series, on leaving the gold standard, here. And read the ...

According to the OSI Model, the session layer is where connections are established, managed, and torn down. For connection-oriented network protocols, understanding how the session layer works, and ...

TCP is the building block for Layer 7 protocols, such as the HTTP. This chapter will examine the interaction between HTTP and TCP and how client and server communication at the TCP and HTTP layers are ...

Whether it’s wired or wireless, most data communications today happens by way of packets of information travelling over one or more networks. But before these networks can work together, though, they ...