[BB8] decided based on no reason in particular to replace the proprietary motor controller with one based on VESC, an open-source electric motor controller for all kinds of motors even beyond ebikes.

Eventually a battery pack will be added to give the bike a more comfortable range, but for now we appreciate the ingenuity that it took to adapt the controller from the hoverboard into an ebike ...

If you’ve ever faced this frustrating issue, you’re not alone. E-bike power issues can stem from battery problems, controller malfunctions, or motor failures.

As the nascent e-bike industry came into fruition, Lishui switched over to purely micromobility controllers by 1997.