Charged particle dynamics in electromagnetic fields is a fundamental area of research that underpins much of modern physics and engineering. This field examines how particles, typically electrons or ...

Physicist Jim Pivarski explains how particle detectors tell us about the smallest constituents of matter. Broadly speaking, a modern particle physics detector has three main pieces: (1) tracking, ...

The mass spectrometer is an instrument which can measure the masses and relative concentrations of atoms and molecules. It makes use of the basic magnetic force on a moving charged particle. It ...