A key part—though surely not the only part—of early-grades math is ensuring students get the basic arithmetic functions down and, beyond that, making sure they’re able to swiftly and automatically ...

All those long multiplication tables. Timed tests and “mad minutes” of worksheet problem-solving. Fluency drills. Somehow, getting kids to know their basic math facts continues to be at the heart of ...

Fact families are groups of numbers that have a relationship to each other. For each pair of addition facts, there are also two subtraction facts in the same family. Here is a fact family using the ...