(a) Deep-learning-pre-processing for phase recovery. (b) Deep-learning-in-processing for phase recovery. (c) Deep-learning-post-processing for phase recovery. (d) Deep learning for phase processing.

(a) and (b) Optical microscope images depicting the sample with defects and the defect-free sample. (c) and (d) Experimentally measured optical field distributions for the sample with defects and the ...

Phase-Shifting Interferometry (PSI) techniques have become fundamental in optical metrology for accurately measuring surface topographies and reconstructing three‐dimensional profiles. By generating ...

Imaging objects that are partially or completely obscured by structures that diffuse the light from those objects, as is the case in many biological systems, is a challenge that engineers have met ...