Several manufacturers offer op amp-based filter design tools [1-3]. Some tools choose off-the-shelf capacitor values, but others select non-standard ones. The option to alter passive component ...

Many sensors have a small analog signal that rides on top of a larger dc pedestal. For these circuits (Fig. 1), the signal must be ac coupled and amplified before it’s digitized. The feedback of an ...

Listen to the pop, sizzle, and hum. Look at the bars and wavy lines. These and other characteristics of electromagnetic interference (EMI) are very familiar. RF energy is radiated from a culprit ...