Flying

Non-Published Approaches

Beyond standard instrument approach procedures (SIAPs), instrument-rated pilots commonly utilize visual, contact, and radar approaches, each with distinct rules and operational considerations. Visual ...
Flying

Five Lines of Minimums

The RNAV (GPS) Rwy 19 approach at Alpine, Texas (E38) presents unique challenges due to its high airport elevation (4500 ft MSL), surrounding terrain, and sloping runways, necessitating careful ...
Aviation Week

Flying Circling Approaches In The Real World, Part 1

Earning an instrument and a type rating today still demands the applicant successfully fly a circling approach. Despite the FAA’s recent Advisory Circular (AC) 120-123 calling for an increased focus ...
Aviation Week

Circling Approaches: Good Riddance! Part 1

Example circling maneuver at Memphis IAP, Tennessee. Author graphic. I used to think of the circle-to-land maneuver following an instrument approach as a necessary evil. We had a lot of airports to go ...