Discover how credibility theory helps actuaries use historical data to estimate risks and set insurance premiums; learn how ...

This research provides density functions and descriptive statistics for the distance between points for basic shapes in Cartesian space. Both Euclidean and Rectilinear Distances are determined for ...

The stochastic nature of renewable energy sources (RESs) necessitates treating power system frequency response as a random process with a nonstationary probability density function (PDF). Based upon ...

Abstract: The unscented Kalman filter (UKF) has demonstrated its effectiveness for state estimation in highly nonlinear systems over the past two decades. However, the UKF's assumption of a single ...

What Is A Probability Density Function? A probability density function, also known as a bell curve, is a fundamental statistics concept, that describes the likelihood of a continuous random variable ...

ABSTRACT: This paper presents a game theory-based method for predicting the outcomes of negotiation and group decision-making problems. We propose an extension to the BDM model to address problems ...

Calculating the likelihood is a fundamental aspect of statistics and probability theory. It allows us to measure how probable a given set of data is, assuming a specific model or hypothesis.

College of Engineering and Technology, University of Science and Technology of Fujairah, Fujairah, United Arab Emirates This work aims to evaluate different error ...