A new, simplified method for calculating the renormalization group equations for scalar fields is presented. The method is based on the renormalization of the effective potential as a whole. The ...

Abstract: Efficient and accurate magnetic target localization methods have important value in navigation, archeology, and other fields. The current scalar positioning technology of magnetic target ...

Abstract: A systematic theory is introduced for finding the four Hessians of complex-valued scalar functions with respect to a complex-valued matrix variable and the complex conjugate of this variable ...