Richard Thompson, a British marine biologist who devoted his career to studying plastic waste, has long wondered how well biodegradable shopping bags actually degrade. So in 2015, he and his graduate ...

Computer science is the study and development of the protocols required for automated processing and manipulation of data. This includes, for example, creating algorithms for efficiently searching ...

Machine learning is the ability of a machine to improve its performance based on previous results. Machine learning methods enable computers to learn without being explicitly programmed and have ...

Rachel Williams has been an editor for nearly two decades. She has spent the last five years working on small business content to help entrepreneurs start and grow their businesses. She’s well-versed ...

Memory is the faculty by which the brain encodes, stores, and retrieves information. It is a record of experience that guides future action. Memory encompasses the facts and experiential details that ...

Terms apply to American Express benefits and offers. Visit americanexpress.com to learn more. Any time you tap, swipe or dip a credit or debit card at checkout or enter your card number online, you ...

Investopedia contributors come from a range of backgrounds, and over 25 years there have been thousands of expert writers and editors who have contributed. Gordon Scott has been an active investor and ...