Introduction to ciphers and substitution. Alice and Bob and Carl and Julius: terminology and Caesar Cipher ; The key to the matter: generalizing the Caesar Cipher ; Multiplicative ciphers ; Affine ...

1. Introduction -- 2. From Julius Caesar to simple substitution -- 3. Polyalphabetic systems -- 4. Jigsaw ciphers -- 5. Two-letter ciphers -- 6. Codes -- 7. Ciphers for spies -- 8. Producing random ...

Formula 1 suspension isn’t about comfort, it’s about control under extreme force. Tiny components manage enormous aerodynamic loads while keeping the car millimeters from the ground. Some parts weigh ...

North Carolina officials in 2025 announced economic development projects promising to create 34,000 new jobs. It’s a single-year record for the state, officials say, and corporate recruiters are ...

David Kwong, the magician, branches out with a festive Sunday puzzle. By Caitlin Lovinger Jump to: Tricky Clues | Today’s Theme SUNDAY PUZZLE — Will Shortz, in his print introduction to this grid, ...

Kichcha Sudeepa starrer Mark hit the silver screen on the occasion of Christmas. The Sandalwood movie clashed with Arjun Janya's film 45 Directed by Vijay Karthikeyan, it features Naveen Chandra, Yogi ...

Young Australian all-rounder Cooper Connolly was roped in by Punjab Kings for Rs 3 crore at the mini-auction earlier this month. Known for his aggressive batting, sharp fielding, and handy left-arm ...

From behind the counter at Dagwood's Deli — his birthright, his destiny, his assigned place in the world — Jason Burger gazed at the laughing pairs of young lovers, twirling across the ice rink at ...

Analyze the JEE Main syllabus and classify topics by strength and weightage Focus on high-weightage chapters in Physics, Chemistry, and Mathematics Plan a daily study routine of 6-8 hours with concept ...