Currency in circulation, once the Fed's dominant liability, now comprises just 35% of assets due to the post-2008 quantitative easing expansion. Cash remains vital for daily transactions, especially ...

Currency outside the banking (COB) system remained dominant in Nigeria's money supply profile accounting for 93.34 per cent of total currency in circulation (CIC) as at November 2025, money and credit ...

Pakistan's broad money (M2) supply rose to Rs41.63 trillion, registering a week-on-week increase of Rs346 billion. On a fiscal year-to-date basis, M2 has expanded by Rs838 billion, while the calendar ...

Nigeria’s broad money supply has climbed to an all-time high of N122.9 trillion, underscoring the resilience of liquidity ...

The federal government has decided to redesign all currency notes from Rs. 10 to Rs. 5,000, while also planning to introduce ...