Abstract: In the conventional implementations of phase-shifted carrier pulsewidth modulation (PSC–PWM) for modular multilevel converters (MMCs), different phases normally adopt identical carrier ...

Modulation advances have fueled more efficient use of bandwidth, although conventional modulation formats still require allowance for upper and lower sidebands around the carrier frequency. Ultra ...

Abstract: The modulation transfer function (MTF) quantitatively describes the ability of an optical or imaging system to reproduce contrast at various spatial frequencies. The ISO 12233 edge-based ...

Fed Chair Jerome Powell's term is up in May. President Trump has publicly feuded with Powell over the course of his term. If the new Fed Chair isn't completely independent of political pressure, the ...