When a ray of light is incident at normal incidence, (at right angles), to the surface between two optical materials, the ray travels in a straight line. When the ray is incident at any other angle, ...

When light travels from air into glass it slows down because glass is more (optically) dense than air. This change in speed can cause the light to bend at the boundary between the two transparent ...

A light ray is traveling in a transparent material of refractive index 1.51 at an angle of incidence of 38 degrees and approaches a second material of refractive index 1.46. Solve for (a) the angle of ...

The first law of refraction states that the incident rays, refracted rays, and the normal to the interface at the point of incidence, all lie in the same plane. The ratio of the sine of the angle of ...

In my previous Photography Snapshot, I discussed the importance of light and how it bounces to create images. We discovered that the most primitive form of photography was the camera obscura, which ...

Figure 1: Schematics of the degenerate 4WM process on a thin nonlinear film. In this Letter, we experimentally demonstrate nonlinear optical negative refraction in thin metallic nanostructures. We use ...